摘要：琵琶自西漢末年由西域傳入中原，至唐朝時期，在傳統文化高度繁榮且中西文化大融合的環境中，琵琶藝術進入其發展的第一次鼎盛時期。唐詩是我國優秀的文學遺產之一，也是世界文學寶庫中的一顆燦爛明珠，擁有極高的文學研究價值。由于唐詩中還包含對盛唐音律、樂器形制、樂曲等內容的大量描述和記載，其中不乏對琵琶藝術的刻畫，因而唐詩同樣具有很高的藝術研究價值。本文以唐代詩人白居易的佳作《琵琶行》為切入點，探討唐詩與唐代琵琶藝術間的互動呈現。主要從兩個大的方面進行闡述：即詩中的琵琶和琵琶的詩意。首先，本文著眼于詩中的琵琶，就詩中對琵琶的表現形式和演奏技巧、琵琶的形制、唐代琵琶藝術的空前繁盛三個方面的呈現進行闡述；最后，通過對琵琶音樂的藝術情感意向及其演奏技巧對情感演繹的解讀兩個方面來論述琵琶藝術的詩意呈現。通過唐詩與琵琶的一詩一琴的互訴中，更加深刻的感受與體會琵琶演奏中聲情并茂的境界，在詩歌的意境中陶冶自身琵琶演奏修養。

關鍵詞 《琵琶行》，琵琶形制，演奏技巧，詩意解讀

Abstract:Pipa was first introduced from Xi Yu to the Central Plains in China in the late Western Han Dynasty. By the Tang Dynasty, with the highly prosperous traditional culture and the harmonious Chinese and Western’s culture, Pipa went into its prosperous age in its development. Tang poetry is one of the Chinese splendid cultural heritages, and an jewelry in the world’s literature. It is worthy of studying in literary field. Since Tang poetry depicted a large number of rhythm, music and the shape and structure of musical instruments in Tang Dynasty, Tang poetry also has a very important value in esthetic examination. This paper takes Tang poet Bai Juyi’s work “Song of a Pipa Player” as an example and discus the interaction between Tang poetry and Pipa. The content has two aspects: Pipas in poems and Pipas’ poetry. Firstly, the texts focus on Pipa in poems, and describe Pipas’ performance forms and techniques, shape and structures, and the prosperity of Pipa in Tang Dynasty. Then it dissertate Pipas’ poetic representation by explaining its emotional intents and techniques. This paper tries to make us reach a level of playing the Pipa with emotion and improve our musical cultivation.

Key words  “Song of a Pipa Player”，Pipas’ shape and structure， techniques in perform，poetic analysis

　　　琵琶作為中國民族樂器的瑰寶，享有“民樂之王”、“彈撥樂器之王”的美譽。在中國文學史上, 留有大量賦詠琵琶及其表演的詩詞。其中白居易的千古美文《琵琶行》當屬千古佳作，不僅因其生動描繪的潯陽江頭蕭瑟秋風的自然景色和醉不成歡慘將別的離別情景，更妙在這字里行間悄然呈現的琵琶女憂傷的情思和依稀回蕩耳畔的曼妙音律，將唐詩音樂化，將音樂詩意化，體現了它們之間的相互表現和相互影響，詩詞以文字形式將琵琶藝術加以記述、描繪，琵琶則通過樂音的形式將詩詞悠揚宛轉地展現給人們。這種相互表現和相互影響，就是詩詞與琵琶藝術的完美結合。在我國，對《琵琶行》這一課題的研究已經相當成熟，從詩中琵琶的形制、詩中所蘊含的音樂美學等方面入手。本文主要以白居易的《琵琶行》為例，分別從琵琶藝術在唐詩中的表現和琵琶藝術對唐詩內容的表達兩個方面分析了唐詩與琵琶藝術的交融。